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FDA Medical Device Regulations

FDA medical device regulations cover the entire lifecycle of medical devices: classification, premarket review, manufacturing quality, labeling, postmarket surveillance, and adverse event reporting. The regulatory pathway depends on the device's risk classification (Class I, II, or III), with higher-risk devices requiring more rigorous review.

Citation: 21 C.F.R. Parts 800-860
Sections: 192
Words indexed: 101,429
Applies to: Medical device manufacturers, importers, specification developers, repackers/relabelers, initial distributors, and contract manufacturers

Key Points

Devices are classified into three classes based on risk: Class I (low), Class II (moderate), Class III (high)

Most Class II devices require 510(k) premarket notification (substantial equivalence to a predicate device)

Class III devices require Premarket Approval (PMA) with clinical data

The Quality System Regulation (QSR) requires design controls, production controls, and CAPA systems

Medical Device Reporting (MDR) requires manufacturers to report deaths, serious injuries, and malfunctions

All device establishments must register with FDA and list their devices annually

Key Areas

Classification

Device classes, reclassification procedures

Premarket Approval

PMA applications, supplements, clinical data

Quality System (QSR)

Design controls, production, CAPA, records, management responsibility

Reporting & Registration

MDR reporting, establishment registration, listing

Key Provisions

820.30

Design Controls

Requires documented design and development planning, inputs, outputs, review, verification, validation, and transfer. The foundation of device quality.

803.50

MDR Reporting: Manufacturers

Manufacturers must report to FDA when they become aware of information reasonably suggesting a device caused or contributed to a death or serious injury.

814.20

PMA Application Content

Defines what must be included in a Premarket Approval application, including clinical investigation data.

All Regulation Sections

Part 800Medical Devices: General(6)

Part 801Medical Device Labeling(38)

Part 803Medical Device Reporting(26)

Part 807Medical Device Establishment Registration(24)

Part 812Investigational Device Exemptions(33)

Part 814Premarket Approval of Medical Devices(33)

Part 820Quality System Regulation(9)

Part 860Medical Device Classification(23)